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Hilton, R, H, an English Marxism historian,
was famous for his research on medieval peasants in the sphere
of world history, especially the research on peasant movements
throughout his whole career. Hilton made an appropriate definition
of medieval common people in social history with thorough and
systematic research, which to some extent rebuilt the medieval
history. On these bases, he also revised some unreasonable Marxism
view about medieval peasants, which enriched and developed the
Marxism theory of resultant force of promoting historic development.
This paper was divided into five parts. The preface introduced
Hilton's early experience and his academic study and foreign and
domestic research on his thoughts; the first chapter summarized
his discussions on the character, the reason for rebel, manner,
motivation or purpose and achievements of English medieval peasants
in different times; the second chapter analysed his study about
the effect of the peasant movement on the social economic system,
political system and transition of ideology; combined with Hilton's
relevant theory and essays, the third chapter summarized his viewpoint
on feudalism society and the status of peasants; the summary abstracted
how Hilton embodied the method of "history looking from the
bottom upwards" , how peasant movements promoted the movement
of superstructure and his holistic historical thoughts in his
historical study.
Key words: Hilton middle ages England peasant movement social
transition feudal society
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