中世纪晚期近代早期英国家庭财产分配方式初探
学 生 姓 名:王昊
申请专业名称:史学理论及史学史
研 究 方 向 :现代化、全球化研究的理论与实际
指导教师姓名:王亚平教授
提交论文日期:2008年5月
中文摘要
家庭是构成社会有机整体的基本单位,是社会的细胞,而婚姻则是维系家庭的纽带,同时也是人们了解整个社会的一个重要窗口。婚姻以及与婚姻有关的思想与行为,不仅从侧面折射出某一社会文明进化的程度,而且也能直接彰显出相关社会的某些内在特征。作为社会关系中最为重要的纽带之一,婚姻关系在不同时代都深刻地反映了那个时代的政治、经济、法律及社会风俗习惯。本文即从家庭财产分配的角度展开分析,结合中世纪晚期和近代早期英国社会的宏观历史背景探讨家庭财产分配方式的演变与社会整体发展的相互关系。转型时期新的家庭财产分配方式的出现,包括女儿嫁妆形式及支付方式的变化,妇女“独立财产”的建立,亡夫遗产的演变以及遗嘱权的广泛运用,都是社会发展在家庭财产分配方式上留下的烙印。财产分配方式的新变化也同样折射出社会的进步,体现出产权制度逐步明晰化的过程,反映出资产阶级要求平等,倡导个人意志自由的思想。文章力求透过家庭财产分配方式的变化,加深对英国社会转型时期的理解。
关键词:英国 中世纪 近代 家庭财产
Abstract
Family is the basic unit and cell of society.
Marriage is a bond used to maintain a family and also a window
through which people have a look at society. Marriage and thought
and deeds concerning it expose some intrinsic features of a society
as well as the extent to which the civilization of a society develops.
Marriage, an indispensable section of social relations, reflects
to a deep degree politics, economy, laws and customs of a given
society. The study of this thesis is based on the visual angle
of family property allocation, explores the interrelationship
between the development of the means of family property allocation
and the social changes combine with the British social and historical
background of the late Middle Ages and early modern times. The
appear of the new means of family property allocation in transition
period, including the change of form and means of payment of daughter's
dowry, the establishment of women's "separate estate",
the development of Dower, and the widely use of the testament
right, all this marked brand of the times. The new change of means
of family property allocation also can response the social development,
embody the process of establishing clear property right institution,
demonstrated the capitalist class equality and the idea of advocates
free individual will. This thesis is aimed to deepen the understanding
of the transition period of British society through the changes
of means of family property allocation.
Key words: England the Middle Ages modern times family property
目 录
中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
前 言 1
第 一 章 家庭财产分配方式演变的社会背景 4
第 一 节 社会经济生活的变化 4
第 二 节 社会意识形态的变化 7
第 二 章 婚前的家庭财产分配 10
第 一 节 女儿的嫁妆 10
第 二 节 妻子的独立财产 14
第 三 章 婚后的家庭财产分配 19
第 一 节 亡夫遗产的演变 19
第 二 节 遗产分配方式的变化 27
结 束 语 36
参考文献 37